heyong.fu
110 lines
3.1 KiB
Python
110 lines
3.1 KiB
Python
# 整型
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# 整型int 包括正整数，负整数，和零
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# 基本整型定义
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positive = 42
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negative = -15
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zero = 0
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print(f"positive{positive},类型{type(positive)}") # positive42,类型<class 'int'>
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print(f"negative{negative},类型{type(negative)}") # negative-15,类型<class 'int'>
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print(f"zero{zero},类型{type(zero)}") # zero0,类型<class 'int'>
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# 支持不同进制的整型表示
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# 十进制 (默认)
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decimal = 10
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print(f"十进制 10: {decimal}")
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# 二进制 (以 0b 或 0B 开头)
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binary = 0b1010 # 二进制 1010 = 十进制 10
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print(f"二进制 0b1010: {binary}")
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# 八进制 (以 0o 或 0O 开头)
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octal = 0o12 # 八进制 12 = 十进制 10
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print(f"八进制 0o12: {octal}")
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# 十六进制 (以 0x 或 0X 开头)
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hexadecimal = 0xA # 十六进制 A = 十进制 10
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print(f"十六进制 0xA: {hexadecimal}")
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# 使用下划线提高可读性 (Python 3.6+)
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large_number = 1_000_000
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print(f"大数字: {large_number}")
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credit_card = 1234_5678_9012_3456
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print(f"信用卡号: {credit_card}")
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bytes_value = 0b1100_1010_1111_0101
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print(f"字节值: {bytes_value}")
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# 整型转换
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# int()
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print(f"int(3.14) = {int(3.14)}") # 3
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print(f"int(-2.99) = {int(-2.99)}") # -2
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print(f"int('100') = {int('100')}") # 100
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print(f"int('1010', 2) = {int('1010', 2)}") # 二进制字符串转十进制
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print(f"int('FF', 16) = {int('FF', 16)}") # 十六进制字符串转十进制
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print(f"int(True)={int(True)}") # 1
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print(f"int(False)={int(False)}") # 0
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# 进制转换函数
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number = 10
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print(f"\n数字 {number} 的不同进制表示:")
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print(f"二进制: {bin(number)}") # 0b1010
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print(f"八进制: {oct(number)}") # 0o12
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print(f"十六进制: {hex(number)}") # 0xa
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# 基本运算符
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a, b = 10, 3
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print("基本算术运算:")
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print(f"{a} + {b} = {a + b}") # 加法: 13
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print(f"{a} - {b} = {a - b}") # 减法: 7
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print(f"{a} * {b} = {a * b}") # 乘法: 30
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print(f"{a} / {b} = {a / b}") # 除法: 3.333... (返回浮点数)
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print(f"{a} // {b} = {a // b}") # 整除: 3
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print(f"{a} % {b} = {a % b}") # 取余: 1
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print(f"{a} ** {b} = {a ** b}") # 幂运算: 1000
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print(f"-{a} = {-a}") # 取负: -10
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print(f"+{a} = {+a}") # 取正: 10
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a, b = 10, 5
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print("比较运算:")
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print(f"{a} == {b}: {a == b}") # 等于: False
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print(f"{a} != {b}: {a != b}") # 不等于: True
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print(f"{a} > {b}: {a > b}") # 大于: True
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print(f"{a} < {b}: {a < b}") # 小于: False
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print(f"{a} >= {b}: {a >= b}") # 大于等于: True
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print(f"{a} <= {b}: {a <= b}") # 小于等于: False
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# 链式比较
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c = 7
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print(f"\n链式比较:")
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print(f"{b} < {c} < {a}: {b < c < a}") # True
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print(f"{a} > {c} > {b}: {a > c > b}") # True
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import math
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numbers = [-5, 0, 5, 10, 15]
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print("内置数学函数:")
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for num in numbers:
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print(f"abs({num}) = {abs(num)}") # 绝对值
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print(f"\n最大值: {max(1, 5, 2, 8, 3)}") # 8
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print(f"最小值: {min(1, 5, 2, 8, 3)}") # 1
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print(f"求和: {sum([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])}") # 15
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# 更多数学函数
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print(f"\n高级数学函数:")
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print(f"2的3次方: {pow(2, 3)}") # 8
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print(f"四舍五入: {round(3.14159, 2)}") # 3.14
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print(f"向上取整: {math.ceil(3.14)}") # 4
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print(f"向下取整: {math.floor(3.14)}") # 3
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n = 3
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print(int(n**0.5))
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