heyong.fu
130 lines
3.2 KiB
Python
130 lines
3.2 KiB
Python
# 异常
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# 具体的异常捕获
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try:
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with open("abc.text", "r") as f:
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data = f.read()
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except FileNotFoundError:
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print("文件不存在")
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except PermissionError:
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print("没有权限")
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except OSError:
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print("系统错误")
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# 避免空的except块
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# try:
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# risky_operation()
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# except SpecificError as e:
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# logger.error(f"操作失败", e)
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# # 或者采取其他的操作
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# 资源清理
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# with open("abc.txt", "r") as f:
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# data = f.read()
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# process_data(data)
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# 异常日志记录
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import logging
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# 配置日志模块
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logging.basicConfig(level=logging.ERROR)
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# 数据库报错
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class DataBaseError(Exception):
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pass
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# 校验用户数据是否有效
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class ValidationError(Exception):
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pass
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# 根据id从数据库中查询数据
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def get_user_from_db(user_id):
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if user_id == 0:
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raise DataBaseError("数据库连接失败")
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return {"user_id": user_id, "user_name": "小明", "age": 20}
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# 校验拿到的当前用户信息是否合法
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def validate_and_process(user_data):
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if not user_data["user_name"] or user_data["age"] < 0:
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raise ValidationError("用户信息无效")
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user_data["process"] = True
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return user_data
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def process_user_data(user_id):
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try:
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user_data = get_user_from_db(user_id)
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result = validate_and_process(user_data)
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return result
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except DataBaseError as e:
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logging.error(f"数据库错误-用户ID:{user_id},错误{e}")
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raise
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except ValidationError as e:
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logging.error(f"用户信息错误，用户ID{user_id},错误{e}")
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return None
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except Exception as e:
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logging.critical(f"未知错误，用户ID{user_id},错误{e}")
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raise
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# result = process_user_data(0)
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# print(result)
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# 数据验证
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class DataValidator:
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@staticmethod
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def validate_email(email):
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if not isinstance(email, str):
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raise TypeError("邮箱必须是字符串")
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if "@" not in email:
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raise ValueError("无效的邮箱格式")
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return email.lower()
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@staticmethod
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def validate_age(age):
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if not isinstance(age, int):
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raise TypeError("年龄必须是整数")
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if age < 0 or age > 160:
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raise ValueError("年龄必须在0~160之间")
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return age
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def validate_user_data(user_data):
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error = {}
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try:
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user_data["email"] = DataValidator.validate_email(user_data["email"])
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except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
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error["email"] = str(e)
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try:
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user_data["age"] = DataValidator.validate_age(user_data["age"])
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except (TypeError, ValueError) as e:
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error["age"] = str(e)
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if error:
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raise ValidationError("数据验证失败", error)
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class ValidationError(Exception):
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def __init__(self, message, errors):
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self.message = message
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self.errors = errors
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super().__init__(self.message)
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# 测试用例
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user_input = {"email": "invalid-email", "age": 200}
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try:
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validate_data = DataValidator.validate_user_data(user_input)
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print(f"数据验证成功,{validate_data}")
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except ValidationError as e:
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print(f"数据验证失败{e.message}")
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for field, error in e.errors.items():
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print(f"{field}:{error}")
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